ISO 15156-1-2020

Petroleum and natural gas industries MaterialsforuseinHS- containing environments in oil and gas production Part 1 General principles for selection of cracking-resistantmaterials Industries du ptrole et du gaz naturel Matriaux pour utilisation dans des environnements contenant de lhydrogne sulfur HS dans la production de ptrole et de gaz Partie 1 Principes gnraux pour le choix des matriaux rsistant la fissuration ISO 2020 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15156-1 Fourth edition 2020-11 Reference number ISO 15156-12020E ISO15156-12020E ii ISO 2020 All rights reserved COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT ISO 2020 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office CP 401 Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva Phone 41 22 749 01 11 Email copyrightiso.org Website www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO15156-12020E Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v 1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 2 Normativereferences ......................................................................................................................................................................................2 3 Termsanddefinitions .....................................................................................................................................................................................2 4 Abbreviated terms .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 6 5 General principles ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 6 uationanddefinitionofserviceconditionstoenablematerialselection ..................................... 7 7 SelectionofmaterialsresistanttoSSC/SCCinthepresenceofsulfidesfromexisting lists and tables ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 8 8 QualificationofmaterialsforH 2 Sservice .................................................................................................................................. 8 8.1 Material description and documentation ........................................................................................................................ 8 8.2 Qualification based upon field experience ...................................................................................................................... 8 8.3 Qualification based upon laboratory testing ................................................................................................................. 8 8.3.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 8.3.2 Sampling of materials for laboratory testing .......................................................................................... 9 8.3.3 Selection of laboratory test s ............................................................................................................. 9 8.3.4 Conditions to be applied during testing ...................................................................................................... 9 8.3.5 Acceptance criteria ........................................................................................................................................................ 9 9 Reportoftheofselectionorqualification ........................................................................................................... 9 Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................11 ISO 2020 All rights reserved iii Contents Page ISO15156-12020E Foreword ISO the International Organization for Standardization is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies ISO member bodies. The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 see www .iso .org/ directives. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received see www .iso .org/ patents. Any trade name used in this document is ination given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conity assessment, as well as ination about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade TBT, see www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html. This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization CEN Technical Committee CEN/TC 12, Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN Vienna Agreement. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition ISO 15156-12015, which has been technically revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows new definition on galvanically induced hydrogen stress cracking see 3.14, chemical activity see 3.27 and fugacity see 3.28; inclusion of an expanded description of factors affecting the susceptibility of materials to cracking caused by H 2 S. The expanded description includes specific guidance provided in ISO 15156-22020, Annex C for gas phase containing systems using H 2 S fugacity as an alternative to H 2 S partial pressure and application of non-ideal thermodynamic rules for gas-free liquid systems. A list of all parts in the ISO 15156 series can be found on the ISO website. Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the users national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html. iv ISO 2020 All rights reserved ISO15156-12020E Introduction The consequences of sudden failures of metallic oil and gas field components, associated with their exposure to H 2 S-containing production fluids, led to the preparation of the first edition of NACE MR0175, which was published in 1975 by the National Association of Corrosion Engineers, now known as NACE International. The original and subsequent editions of NACE MR0175 established limits of H 2 S partial pressure above which precautions against sulfide stress cracking SSC were always considered necessary. They also provided guidance for the selection and specification of SSC-resistant materials when the H 2 S thresholds were exceeded. In more recent editions, NACE MR0175 has also provided application limits for some corrosion-resistant alloys, in terms of environmental composition and pH, temperature, and H 2 S partial pressures. In separate developments, the European Federation of Corrosion issued EFC Publication 16 in 1995 and EFC Publication 17 in 1996. These documents are generally complementary to those of NACE though they differed in scope and detail. In 2003, the publication of the ISO 15156 series and NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 was completed for the first time. These technically identical documents utilized the above sources to provide requirements and recommendations for materials qualification and selection for application in environments containing wet H 2 S in oil and gas production systems. They are complemented by NACE TM0177 and NACE TM0284 test s. The revision of this document, i.e. ISO 15156-1, involves a consolidation of all changes agreed and published in the Technical Circular 1, ISO 15156-12015/Cir.12017, published by the ISO 15156 series Maintenance Agency secretariat at DIN. The changes were developed by, and approved by the ballot of, representative groups from within the oil and gas production industry. The great majority of these changes stem from issues raised by document users. A description of the process by which these changes were approved can be found at the ISO 15156 series maintenance website www .iso .org/ iso15156maintenance. When found necessary by oil and gas production industry experts, future interim changes to this document will be processed in the same way and will lead to interim updates to this document in the of Technical Corrigenda or Technical Circulars. Document users should be aware that such documents can exist and can impact the validity of the dated references in this document. The ISO 15156 series Maintenance Agency at DIN was set up after approval by the ISO Technical Management Board given in document 34/2007. This document describes the makeup of the agency, which includes experts from NACE, EFC, and ISO/TC 67, and the process for approval of amendments. It is available from the ISO 15156 series maintenance website and from the ISO/TC 67 Secretariat. The website also provides access to related documents that provide more detail of the ISO 15156 series maintenance activities. ISO 2020 All rights reserved v Petroleum and natural gas industries Materials foruseinHS-containingenvironmentsinoilandgas production Part 1 Generalprinciplesforselectionofcracking-resistant materials WARNING Metallicmaterialsselectedusingthisdocumentareresistanttocrackingindefined H 2 S-containingenvironmentsinoilandgasproductionbutnotnecessarilyimmunetocracking underallserviceconditions.Itistheequipmentusersresponsibilitytoselectmaterialssuitable fortheintendedservice. 1 Scope This document describes general principles and gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of metallic materials for service in equipment used in oil and gas production and in natural-gas sweetening plants in H 2 S-containing environments, where the failure of such equipment can pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials requirements given in the appropriate design codes, standards, or regulations. This document addresses all mechanisms of cracking that can be caused by H 2 S, including sulfide stress cracking, stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen-induced cracking and stepwise cracking, stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking, soft zone cracking, and galvanically induced hydrogen stress cracking. Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which this document is applicable, including exclusions. This document applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using load controlled design s. For design utilizing strain-based design s, see Clause 5. This document is not necessarily applicable to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment. INTERNATIONALSTANDARD ISO15156-12020E ISO 2020 All rights reserved 1 ISO15156-12020E Table1 Listofequipment Thisdocumentisapplicabletomaterialsusedfor thefollowingequipment Exclusions Drilling, well construction, and well-servicing equipment Equipment exposed only to drilling fluids of controlled composition a Drill bits Blowout preventer BOP shear blades b Drilling riser systems Work strings Wireline and wireline equipment c Surface and intermediate casing Wells, including subsurface equipment, gas-lift equipment, wellheads, and christmas trees Sucker rod pumps and sucker rods d Electric submersible pumps Other artificial lift equipment Slips Flowlines, gathering lines, field facilities, and field processing plants Crude-oil storage and handling facilities operating at a total absolute pressure below 0,45 MPa 65 psi Water-handling equipment Water-handling facilities operating at a total absolute pressure below 0,45 MPa 65 psi Water injection and water disposal equipment Natural-gas treatment plants Transportation pipelines for liquids, gases, and multiphase fluids Lines handling gas prepared for general commercial and domestic use For all equipment above Components loaded only in compression a See ISO 15156-22020, A.2.3.2.3 for more ination. b See ISO 15156-22020, A.2.3.2.1 for more ination. c Wireline lubricators and lubricator connecting devices are not excluded. d For sucker rod pumps and sucker rods, reference can be made to NACE MR0176. 2 Normativereferences The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes req